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51.
There were three landforms (i.e. desert, bedrock platform and loess gully) in deep-buried coalfield of northern Ordos Basin. Water inflow of working face in desert area was 1~2 orders of magnitude larger than that in other landform areas. In order to find out the key controlling factors of the directly water filled aquifers on the roof of the coal seam, we carried out research from the aspects of topography, landform and geological sedimentation. The results showed that desert landform provides abundant recharge water for underlying aquifers because of gentle topography, large precipitation infiltration coefficient, thick and water-rich quaternary system. While bedrock platform and loess gully landform were the water sources with weak recharge capacity of underlying aquifers. The sandstone-mudstone interbedding structure formed by continental deposits resulted in the absence of regional stable aquifers in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata on the roof of coal seams. Pumping tests of boreholes showed that all strata belong to weak to medium water-rich aquifers. The groundwater level of Cretaceous aquifer decreased by 20~130 m in three mines. There was a close hydraulic relationship between shallow and deep aquifers. The Mesozoic strata belonged to fluvial deposits. Qilizhen sandstone and Zhenwudong sandstone aquifers were mainly developed on the roof of the coal seam, which were characterized by thick medium-coarse sandstone sections. The geological and sedimentary conditions of direct water-filled aquifer were similar, but the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goaf in desert geomorphic area were much larger than those in bedrock platform and loess gully geomorphic area. The water-rich of the aquifer was mainly controlled by geomorphology, and the water sources of the deep aquifers were meteoric precipitation and Quaternary aquifer. In different mines with similar Quaternary conditions in Mu Us Desert, there were also great differences in the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goafs. The difference was related to the thickness and lithology of the aquifers. It reflected that the geological sedimentary conditions of the coal seam roof were also important factors to control the water-rich of the aquifers. Topography, landform and geological sedimentation were the key factors to control the water-rich of the aquifer directly and the water inflow from the working face. 相似文献
52.
新编制的地震动参数区划图采用了潜在震源区三级划分方案,以体现背景地震活动空间分布的不均匀性,并在地震构造区内归纳出统一的地震构造模型.本文根据西南地区潜在震源区三级划分的成果,分析了龙门山地震统计区内的龙门山和成都地震构造区的基本特征,历史地震活动强度及频度,主要活动构造的构造变形样式,建立了地震构造区的发震构造模型,确定了构造区的本底地震及划分构造源的地震构造标志.同时,提出了确定背景源空间分布函数的简单方法. 相似文献
53.
Based on the large scale land and resources survey project--groundwater contamination survey in southeast China, a certain polluted river and its typical sites along its bank were selected as research objectives. Such river is a comprehensive sewage channel for certain provincial capital city, with complicated types of pollutants. Based on the analysis on water level of horizonal and vertical hydrogeologic profile and water quality monitoring data, the impact and range of the polluted river on local groundwater were evaluated. Data show that the polluted river supplies water to underground aquifers throughout the year, which has great impact on groundwater horizontally, but different ions have different responses. Major influential indexes such as inorganic component 3-nitrogen, sulphate, chloride etc. present an obvious relevance, while iron, manganese, fluoride, arsenic and heavy metal and so on are less impacted. The first four indexes in groundwater are less impacted by the surface sewage because of their protogenesis, and heavy metal components become less due to sediment filtration. Data also show that deep groundwater is less influenced, on the contrary, ammonia nitrogen ion is obviously impacted. On the basis of influence degree as well as range of evaluation, some factors that caused the existing influence were discussed and proposes feasible study direction. 相似文献
54.
Based on the formation and development analysis of the environmental geological disaster of land subsidence, earth fissures and other geological disasters in the North China, it showed these disasters caused a very serious problem in some areas of the North China, such as the deep groundwater exploitation cone, which is accumulated with great damage and loss and is hard to be controlled, therefore, great attention should be paid. It is considered that the formation of the deep groundwater cone is the root of various geological environmental problems, and the groundwater cone recovery is the key to solve other environmental problems 相似文献
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分析气候变化对动物分布的影响,对气候变化影响下保护生物多样性具有重要的意义。利用CART(classification and regression tree,分类和回归树)生态位模型,采用A1、A2、B1和B2气候变化情景,模拟分析了气候变化对我国滇金丝猴分布范围及空间格局的影响趋势。结果显示:气候变化后,滇金丝猴目前适宜分布范围将减小,新适宜及总适宜范围将扩大,在1991-2020年时段较大,从1991-2020年时段到2081-2100年时段随气候变化时间段延长而逐渐缩小,其中A1情景下变化最大,B1情景下变化最小。气候变化后,滇金丝猴目前适宜分布区东北部及南部适宜范围将缩小,西部和西北及东南部适宜范围将扩大。气候变化后,滇金丝猴目前适宜、新适宜和总适宜分布区范围与我国年均气温和年降水量变化呈负相关。多元回归分析表明,滇金丝猴目前适宜、新适宜和总适宜分布范围均随我国年均气温升高和年降水量增加而减少,其中气温变化影响比降水量变化影响大。因此,气候变化后,近期将使滇金丝猴目前分布适宜分布范围减少,新适宜分布范围将扩大,随气候变化程度增强,新适宜及总适宜分布范围都将减小。 相似文献
57.
在空间域偶层位法的基础上,研究了完整的频率域偶层位曲面位场处理和转换方法.该法可应用于平面或曲面、规则网或非规则网的位场数据处理和转换.通过对偶层面z坐标和计算面z坐标平移不同的量来加速正演快速收敛和保证反演稳定、快速收敛;提出了适合于不规则网曲面处理和转换的核心算法——单点快速Fourier变换;提出了频率域不规则网曲面处理和转换方法技术.通过以上技术措施解决了大数据量特别是曲面不规则网的位场处理和转换问题,模型试算以及实际资料处理验证了该方法的应用效果. 相似文献
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地磁导航作为一种新的无源导航方式,具有重要的国防意义.构建空间地磁数据库是实现地磁导航的基础,位场延拓是解决地磁数据库构建的有效方法.积分-迭代法是一种解决位场大深度向下延拓的实用方法.本文着重对积分-迭代法的收敛性进行了分析,从数学角度证明积分-迭代法能够收敛到直接下延法理论解.同时对积分-迭代法的抗干扰性进行了初步分析,当观测数据含有噪声时,积分-迭代过程中使得噪声得到累加,影响延拓数据的精度.本文利用正则化方法和递增型维纳滤波方法,提出了波数域位场向下延拓新算法.模型检验表明,新算法稳定、抗干扰能力强、计算速度快. 相似文献